*********** 012594B.BIO *********** Contributory Category: ENG Country: Japan From: Japan Science and Technology JPRS-JST-93-008-L 3 November 1993 KEYWORDS: Japan, Aquaculture, Budgets, Fisheries Institutes, Organization +++++ Part III/III Note: figures in () in the Organizational Sections indicate researchers. NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FISHERIES SCIENCE 5-1, Kachidoki 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan; Telephone: (03) 3531-1221, Facsimile: (03) 3533-5693 Yokosuka Station: 31-1, Nagai 6-chome, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa Pref. 238-03, Japan, Telephone: (0468) 562887; Facsimile: (0468) 57-3075 Ueda Station: Komaki 1088, Ueda City, Nagano Pref. 386, Japan-, Telephone: (0268) 22-0594; Facsimile: (0268) 22-0544 Established: May 1989 Budget for Fiscal 1992: 1,707 million Yen RESEARCH ACTIVITIES 1. Elucidation of the ecology on pelagic fishes such as sardine and mackerel, evaluation and establishment of the rational management system on fisheries. 2. Elucidation of biological function on marine organism using biochemical technique. 3. Elucidation of the mechanism on the formation of fishing grounds in the central region off the Pacific coast and its adjacent waters, and analyses on the oceanographic structure and its fluctuation among ocean currents. 4. Development of technology on propagation of fresh water fishes such as ayu and trout. 5. Development of technology on processing, preservation and quality control of marine products for effective utilization. 6. Assessment for oceanic pollution to conserve natural environment and monitoring on effects of oceanic radioactive materials. 7. Socioeconomic assessment on relationship between demand and supply, on marketing of marine products and on fisheries business. MAIN FACILITY Research vessel SOYO MARU (495t): The R/V SOYO MARU serves as a platform for scientists to investigate oceanography, to conduct biological information on size. composition, eggs, and larvae of major marine resources and to sample distribution of radioactive substances. ORGANIZATION DIRECTOR GENERAL Dr. Akimitsu Koganezawa Total 155 (87) RESEARCH PLANNING COORDINATION: 7 (5) Dr. Yasuhiko Shimadzu GENERAL ADMINISTRATION: 37 Mr. Tadanori Inose MARINE BIOECOLOGY: 12 (11) Dr. Keiichiro Mori BIOFUNCTION: 10 (10) Dr. Takeshi Mural MARINE PRODUCTIVITY: 13 (11) Mr. Hiroshi Kumada FRESHWATER FISHERIES AND ENVIRONMENT : 10 (9) (Ueda Station) Dr. Yasushi Hashimoto MARINE BIOCHEMISTRY: 10 (10) Dr. Shirou Konagaya FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION: 11 (11) Dr. Nobukazu Shibata ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION: 9 (9) (Yokosuka Station) Mr. Takeshi Umedzu FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY: 6 (6) Dr. Mamoru Kato SENIOR RESEARCH COORDINATOR: 4 (4) Dr. Chimi Shingu R/V SOYO MARU: 25 Mr. Toshinari Koike +++++ NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FAR SEAS FISHERIES 7-1, Orido 5-chome, Shimizu City, Shizuoka Pref. 424, Japan; Telephone: (0543) 34-0715; Telex: 03965689 FARSEA J; Facsimile: (0543) 35-9642 Established: Aug. 1, 1967 Budget for Fiscal 1991: 1,016 million Yen RESEARCH ACTIVITIES The National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries is responsible for assessing stocks of living resources in the waters covered by Japanese far seas fisheries and for providing scientific recommendation on management. Japanese far seas fisheries adopt various types of gear such as trawl nets, longlines, pole-and-line, purse seines and drift gill nets that harvest various types of marine life including salmon, tuna, pollack, plaice, squid, shrimp and krill. Furthermore, Japanese have an interest in whales, dolphins, and the northern fur seal. Responding to these social demands, the institute deals with these living resources, their environment, and various human activities. Recent theoretical advances have widened the scope of the institute so as to include the effects of fisheries upon marine mammals and sea birds incidentally taken during operations and mutual relations with changes of species populations in an ecosystem. The studies form scientific bases for Japan's administrative authority over fisheries, and also contribute largely to the related international organizations and administrative and research organizations of foreign countries. The oceanographic studies are essential to know the distribution, migration and abundance of living resources and to manage them rationally. The institute covers studies on physical, chemical and biological oceanography on a global scale, and conducts studies on Southern Ocean ecosystem focused on Antarctic krill. ORGANIZATION DIRECTOR-GENERAL Mr. Jun Ito Total 90 (48) RESEARCH PLANNING AND COORDINATION DIVISION: 3 (2) Dr. Hiroshi Hatanaka GENERAL ADMINISTRATION DIVISION: 16 Mr. Masao Hashizume NORTH PACIFIC RESOURCES DIVISION: 12 (12) Dr. Takashi Sasaki PELAGIC FISH RESOURCE DIVISION: 14 (14) Dr. Ziro Suzuki OCEANIC RESOURCES DIVISION: 11 (11) Dr. Toshio Kasuya OCEANOGRAPHY AND SOUTHERN OCEAN RESOURCES DIVISION: 8 ( 8) Dr. Satsuki Matsumura R/V SHUNYO MARU: 25 Capt. Hajime Shimojima +++++ NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FISHERIES ENGINEERING Ebidai, Hasaki-machi, Kashima-gun, Ibaraki Pref. 31404, Japan; Telephone: (0479) 44-4961; Facsimile: (0479) 44-1875 Established: March 1, 1979 Budget for Fiscal 1992: 878 million Yen RESEARCH ACTIVITIES THE AQUACULTURE AND FISHING PORT ENGINEERING DIVISION conducts studies on: Systems analysis of planning techniques for aquaculture ground; physical factors and chemical properties required for aquaculture grounds; physical phenomenon and its inducing on water flow patterns; water flow control methods such as breakwaters, training walls and wave-induced circulation works to improve the environment of aquaculture grounds, forces affecting aquaculture facilities such as breakwaters, artificial reefs and fish culture cages, and design of these facilities-, hydraulics of fishing ports including wave forces and layout of breakwaters, protection of water qualities, and prevention of drift sand-, foundations of fishing port facilities including improvement of soft foundations and methods for foundation survey. THE FISHING BOAT AND INSTRUMENT DIVISION conducts studies on: Energy-saving ship forms and engines of fishing boat-, safety of the boat and fishermen, self-control instruments of fishing gears; storage system of fish; automatic control of the ship- engine-fishing gear system; simulation program to find economically optimum fishing boat; echo sounders, sonars and other instruments for fisheries use; acoustic methods for sur- veying fisheries resources; sensors and instruments for measuring physical parameters in ocean-, underwater observation system using satellites. THE FISHING GEAR AND METHODS DIVISION conducts studies on: Energy- and labor-saving fishing gear and methods, and rationalization and systematization of fishing; development of efficient and selective fishing technology oriented to rational resource management; development of management system for fishing-, development of biodegradable fishing gear for the environment; characteristics of fishing gear materials and their rational use'. structure and designs of fishing gear and related fish behavior; ecological behavior and structure of fish schools; foreknow and control of fish movement-, relationship between fishing gear and fish resource, efficiency assessment of fishing methods as a basis for gear management. MAIN FACILITIES Aquacultural hydraulics lab; aquacultural environment lab-, tide and wave test basin; fishing port hydraulics lab-. coastal wave test basin-, soils and foundation lab; marine dynamics basin-, towing tank; circulating water channel, engine test bench; rolling simulator for fishing gear: acoustic experiment tank; optical and ratio instruments lab; centrifugal testing apparatus; fish movement and behavior lab; large aquatic tank. ORGANIZATION DIRECTOR-GENERAL Dr. Minoru Tan Total 63 (43) RESEARCH PLANNING AND COORDINATION DIVISION: 2 (1) Dr. Toshifurni Noma GENERAL AFFAIRS SECTION: 13 Mr. Yasuo Sakurai AQUACULTURE AND FISHING PORT ENGINEERING DIVISION: 16 (16) Dr. Seiya Hagino FISHING BOAT AND INSTRUMENT DIVISION: 18 (16) Dr. Yukio Uckita FISHING GEAR AND METHODS DIVISION: 9 (9) Mr. Hideya Suzuki RESEARCH VESSEL TAKA-MARU (47GT): 4 Mr. Maresuke Tobe +++++ NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AQUACULTURE 422-1 Nakatsuhama, Nansei-cho, Watarai-gun, Mie Pref. 516-01, Japan; Telephone: (05996) 6-1830, Facsimile: (05996) 6-1962 Established: March 1979 Budget for Fiscal 1992: 1,044 million Yen RESEARCH ACTIVITIES This institute conducts basic studies on various aspects of aquaculture. In the Fish Genetics Division, research on the following is conducted: elucidation of the genetic variation among wild and cultured populations and the mode of inheritance in the economically desirable characteristics of various species; creation of new races by means of selection and/or hybridization and production of gynogenetic diploids and polyplaids as well as their evaluation-, development of techniques for storage of genetic resources, cell culture and cell fusion, and nuclear transplant for production of new organisms. In the FISH REPRODUCTION DIVISION, to ensure stable seed production, studies on the environmental, nutritional and hormonal factors which affect the maturation and spawning of bloodstocks are being conducted using red sea bream, yellow tail, salmon and penaeid shrimps. Studies are also being carried out on the developmental physiology, quality control of the eggs and physical changes and behavioral patterns with growth on finfish and shellfish. In the FISH NUTRITION DIVISION, studies are being conducted to develop a suitable bloodstock feed which produces high-quality eggs and an artificial larval diet as a substitute for natural food. Research on the efficient utilization of vegetable feedstuffs such as soybean meal is also carried out. As for shellfishes, metabolic mechanisms for their adaptation to environmental changes are studied to accumulate basic knowledge useful for the cultivation of these species. In the ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DIVISION, the program includes analyses of specific characters of water and sediment quality, the impact of controlled hydrodynamic conditions on the behavioral responses of marine organisms, together with studies on the natural phytoplankton community and growth physiology of food organisms. In addition, physiological studies of introduced freshwater fish from foreign countries are conducted to understand their adaptive process to the new environment. Studies on tissue and cell culture are also in progress for future developments in biotechnology of marine organisms. In the FISH PATHOLOGY DIVISION, currently three lines of closely integrated studies are being conducted: the elucidation of ecology and physiology of viruses, bacteria and parasites to establish preventive measures against infectious diseases; basic research on malignant physiology and immunology of aquatic organisms to develop health management techniques, accumulation of knowledge on effectiveness and metabolism of drugs to establish chemotherapy for aquatic organisms. In the NIKKO BRANCH, taking advantage of the excellent environmental conditions, research on breeding and genetics of many salmonid species, and ecology and physiology of land-locked salmon with emphasis on the mechanism of homing migration are being undertaken. In the OHMURA BRANCH, research of diagnostic techniques for cultured bivalves based on hematology and on defense mechanisms are being undertaken. In addition. the effects of food on the growth of marine bivalves. and characteristics of triploid of pearl oysters are being studied. MAIN FACILITIES The institute consists of the coastal station (main office) in Nansei, the inland station in Tamaki. Mie Prefecture. and two branches in Nikko. Tochigi Prefecture and Ohmura, Nagasaki Prefecture. COASTAL STATION: management office (820 m^2; two laboratories (2458 m^2); aquatron laboratory (839 m^2); rearing laboratory (392 m^2); energy house (436 m^2)-, others (950 m^2). INLAND STATION: laboratory (1392 m^2): pathological laboratory (381 m^2); aquatron laboratory (760 m^2); energy house (452 m^2); others (681 m^2, ponds (total 1292 m^2) NIKKO BRANCH: office and laboratory (1806 m^2); 48 ponds (8586 m^2). OHMURA BRANCH: office and laboratory (494 m^2). ORGANIZATION DIRECTOR-GENERAL Dr. Kenji Takagi Total 92 (59) RESEARCH PLANNING AND COORDINATION DIVISION: 5 (3) Dr. Teiichi Kato GENERAL AFFAIRS SECTION: 8 Mr. Hideo Mori ACCOUNTS SECTION: 8 Mr. Katsuaki Yakura FISH GENETICS DIVISION: 9 (9) Dr. Hiroshi Onozato FISH REPRODUCTION DIVISION: 8 (8) Dr. Keiji Hirose FISH NUTRITION DIVISION: 9 (9) Dr. Yoshinobu Yasunaga ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DIVISION: 16 (12) Dr. Katsuhiko Ito FISH PATHOLOGY DIVISION: 12 (12) Dr. Yasuo Inui NIKKO BRANCH: 11 (3) Dr. Kunihiko Fukusho OHMURA BRANCH: 6 (3) Dr. Shoji Funakoshi +++++ End Part III/III ************** END Msg. B.BIO **************